Disease spectrum of abnormal serum free light chain ratio and its diagnostic significance

Disease spectrum of abnormal serum free light chain ratio and its diagnostic significance

Objective To analyze the spectrum of abnormal serum free light chain ratio (sFLC κ/λ ratio), and to redefine the range of sFLC κ/λ ratio, so as to achieve hierarchical diagnosis of diseases with abnormal sFLC κ/λ ratio, resulting in the increased sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of monoclonal plasma diseases. Methods Enrolled 1,340 patients with abnormal sFLC κ/λ ratio (<0.26 or >...

Prevalence and clinical significance of abnormal serum kappa/lambda light chain ratio in patients with chronic kidney disease.

INTRODUCTION A range of malignant diseases (both solid organ tumors and hematogenous malignancies) may manifest as proteinuria/nephrotic syndrome. Multiple myeloma (MM) typically involves the kidneys and proteinuria, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) may also be the first manifestation of MM. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of abnormal s...

Abnormal serum free light chain ratio does not always indicate monoclonal gammopathy.

Serum Free Light Chain Analysis

In healthy individuals, plasma cells originating from the bone marrow produce immunoglobulin molecules composed of two heavy chains and two light chains. There are two types of light chains in humans. The κ light chains are encoded by the immunoglobulin κ locus on chromosome 2 and λ light chains are encoded by the immunoglobulin λ locus on chromosome 22 [1]. During B lymphocyte development, the...

Serum Free Light-chain Assay for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis of Multiple Myeloma

In recent decades, new serum biomarkers have been developed for routine laboratory practice, such as assaying serum free light chains and more recently, assaying immunoglobulin heavy and light chain isotypes (Hevylite). In this work, we highlight the interest of new biomarkers (Hevylite Test) in the management of monoclonal gammopathies because of the technical advantages it confers and the se...